Which federal regulations govern drug and alcohol testing for commercial drivers?

The question pertains to the federal regulations that specifically govern drug and alcohol testing for commercial drivers, particularly in the context of the Department of Transportation (DOT) requirements. The correct answer is based on two specific parts of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) that outline the protocols, procedures, and requirements for testing.

49 CFR Part 40 sets forth the procedures for the collection and testing of urine specimens in drug testing and dictates how alcohol testing should be administered. It covers everything from the selection of collection sites to the integrity of the testing process, ensuring that the process is conducted fairly and accurately.

49 CFR Part 382 specifically addresses the drug and alcohol testing regulations for commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers, detailing the responsibilities of employers, the requirements for pre-employment testing, the protocols for reasonable suspicion testing, and the consequences of violating these regulations.

Together, these two parts of the CFR provide a comprehensive framework governing drug and alcohol testing in the commercial driving sector, ensuring safety on the roads, compliance with federal law, and maintaining a professional driving workforce. This specificity and applicability to commercial drivers is what makes this answer the most appropriate choice.