What defines a "refusal to test" under DOT regulations?

A "refusal to test" under DOT regulations is defined as any failure to provide a urine specimen, a failure to report for testing, or a failure to cooperate during the testing process. This comprehensive definition ensures that all possible scenarios where an individual does not fulfill their testing obligations are covered.

By including the failure to provide a specimen, the regulations encompass situations where an individual may attempt to evade the testing process by not delivering a sample. Additionally, not reporting for testing constitutes a refusal as it obstructs the testing process entirely. Cooperation during the testing is equally crucial; if an individual does not participate fully or disrupts the process, it undermines the integrity of the test.

Thus, option C accurately captures the complete and nuanced criteria laid out in DOT regulations for defining a refusal to test.